Polygamy in Other World Regions
Polygamy, the Greek many marriages, the union between reproductive more than two individuals of a species.
In the animal kingdom, polygamy refers to the relationship where animals remains more of a sexual relationship during the breeding season. In humans, polygamy is a marriage between more than two people.
The most typical is polygyny, where a man is married to several wives, and polyandry, in which a married woman living with several men.
Not to be confused with her lover, who is also common in human societies, but in the loop with a sexual partner other than marriage is not accepted by neither law nor in most cases, public knowledge. It is allowed by some religions and laws of some countries.
Historical aspects
Polygamy has been the rule in human groups in their natural state. Throughout history, polygamy was widely used, with the primary causes large numerical difference between men and women caused by wars.
Today even in countries where this is a legal practice is falling into disuse and was widely used only in areas of conflict.
The question has always been well in the center of religious debate. The Old Testament speaks of a character like Jacob, who had two wives and twelve children (several of them maidens). That offspring would give rise to the twelve tribes of Israel.
In Islam, on the other hand, it has been practiced ever (the prophet Mohammed had 16 simultaneous marriages). Today, it continues to be adopted in some Muslim countries and in the adoption process in others, the custom is regulated by the Qur’an that condone polygamy and allows a maximum of four wives.
Causes
Polygamy is part of the culture of various societies, but usually has economic causes. As a result of wars, when many people were involved in participating and especially men, many women (and children) were widows (and orphans) and a means to assist those people without means of subsistence, was marriage.
Other causes include the rural exodus, in which many men exchange the land for the cities, or migrate to other countries in search of employment, leaving a “surplus” of women in the villages.
Latter-day Saints
One of the doctrines adopted by the Latter-day Saints, founded by Joseph Smith Jr., was the law of polygamy, or plural marriage, pivot disruptive and persecution of church members at that time.
The Latter-day Saints believe that Joseph Smith Jr. was inspired by God to establish this law, and citing examples of the doctrinal foundations of the Old Testament, where Abraham and other characters have had many wives by commandment of God.
Because of strong pressure from U.S. authorities and persecution, this practice was abolished by the Church in the presidency of Wilford Woodruff on October 6, 1890, through the Manifesto 1890.
The doctrinal change occurred in the time when the territory of Utah, where he focused the vast majority of church members to apply for U.S. statehood and the maintenance of a habit contrary to public opinion could prevent the claim were established, a “Mormon state.”
Today, the practice persists only dissident groups in isolated and non-church affiliated to the majority, called “Mormon fundamentalists”. They live in isolated communities in the United States and were excommunicated from the church majority.
Polygamy in Africa
Polygamy is a practice common in Africa as part of many cultures. Although polygyny is more common, polyandry also exists. These practices are not linked to patriarchal or matriarchal society, which still exist in Africa, but living conditions in rural areas, although they may occur in isolated cases in the urban area.
Polygamy in other world regions
In the Republic of Chechnya, polygamy was made a legal form of marriage. Moreover, in northern India and Uzbekistan have recorded cases of polyandry, which also could be considered multiple marriages between members of two families.
Source: http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poligamia
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